PLoS ONE (Jan 2023)

Effects of gene-lifestyle interactions on obesity based on a multi-locus risk score: A cross-sectional analysis.

  • Sho Nakamura,
  • Xuemin Fang,
  • Yoshinobu Saito,
  • Hiroto Narimatsu,
  • Azusa Ota,
  • Hiroaki Ikezaki,
  • Chisato Shimanoe,
  • Keitaro Tanaka,
  • Yoko Kubo,
  • Mineko Tsukamoto,
  • Takashi Tamura,
  • Asahi Hishida,
  • Isao Oze,
  • Yuriko N Koyanagi,
  • Yohko Nakamura,
  • Miho Kusakabe,
  • Toshiro Takezaki,
  • Daisaku Nishimoto,
  • Sadao Suzuki,
  • Takahiro Otani,
  • Nagato Kuriyama,
  • Daisuke Matsui,
  • Kiyonori Kuriki,
  • Aya Kadota,
  • Yasuyuki Nakamura,
  • Kokichi Arisawa,
  • Sakurako Katsuura-Kamano,
  • Masahiro Nakatochi,
  • Yukihide Momozawa,
  • Michiaki Kubo,
  • Kenji Takeuchi,
  • Kenji Wakai

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0279169
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 18, no. 2
p. e0279169

Abstract

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BackgroundThe relationship between lifestyle and obesity is a major focus of research. Personalized nutrition, which utilizes evidence from nutrigenomics, such as gene-environment interactions, has been attracting attention in recent years. However, evidence for gene-environment interactions that can inform treatment strategies is lacking, despite some reported interactions involving dietary intake or physical activity. Utilizing gene-lifestyle interactions in practice could aid in optimizing interventions according to genetic risk.MethodsThis study aimed to elucidate the effects of gene-lifestyle interactions on body mass index (BMI). Cross-sectional data from the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort Study were used. Interactions between a multi-locus genetic risk score (GRS), calculated from 76 ancestry-specific single nucleotide polymorphisms, and nutritional intake or physical activity were assessed using a linear mixed-effect model.ResultsThe mean (standard deviation) BMI and GRS for all participants (n = 12,918) were 22.9 (3.0) kg/m2 and -0.07 (0.16), respectively. The correlation between GRS and BMI was r(12,916) = 0.13 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.11-0.15, P ConclusionOur results provide evidence of an interaction effect between GRS and nutritional intake and physical activity. This gene-lifestyle interaction provides a basis for developing prevention or treatment interventions for obesity according to individual genetic predisposition.