Xin yixue (Jul 2024)

Relationship between different altitudes and meteorological factors and the distribution of allergens in Yunnan Province

  • ZHU Yuanli, WANG Meilan, ZHANG Tiesong, CHEN Deyu, ZHANG Ting, GAO Yingqin

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.0253-9802.2024.07.012
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 55, no. 7
pp. 571 – 577

Abstract

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Objective To understand the distribution of allergens in different altitude areas of Yunnan Province and evaluate the impact of meteorological factors on the sensitization rate of allergens， providing a theoretical basis for formulating reasonable allergen screening programs in different regions of Yunnan Province. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted in children with allergic rhinitis （AR） admitted to Department of Otolaryngology of Kunming Children’s Hospital from January 2022 to December 2023， and their permanent places of residence were Xishuangbanna prefecture， Dehong prefecture， Honghe prefecture， Zhaotong， Kunming， Dali prefecture， and Diqing prefecture. Skin prick tests （SPT） were performed， and the positive results of SPT and demographic data were analyzed. At the same time， the relationship between altitudes and meteorological factors and allergens was analyzed by considering the altitudes of these seven regions and meteorological data （average temperature， average annual relative humidity， average annual wind speed， and average annual precipitation） during the same period. Results A total of 8， 175 data sets were collected. Under different meteorological and altitude conditions， the positive rate of SPT for dust mites and partial pollen allergens showed significant differences （all P < 0.05）， and dust mites remained the main allergen even at high altitudes. The positive rate of dust mite SPT was positively correlated with the average annual temperature and negatively correlated with the altitude （both P <0.05）； the positive rate of pollen SPT was negatively correlated with the average annual relative humidity （P < 0.05）； the positive rate of dust mite SPT was increased with age （P < 0.05）. Conclusion The distribution of allergens in different meteorological and altitude areas of Yunnan Province may vary， and personalized diagnosis， treatment， prevention programs need to be formulated.

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