Roles of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1: More than just pneumonia

Abstract

Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM)-1 is a transmembrane receptor embedded in the intrinsic immune cell membrane that amplifies inflammation by increasing inflammatory signalling triggered by toll-like receptors as well as transcript levels in the NF-κB signalling pathway. The soluble form of TREM-1 is obtained by cleavage of the extracellular portion of TREM-1 by matrix metalloprotease-9 and can be used as a biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of TREM-1 pathway activation in many acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. The present review aims to summarise the latest research and insights on TREM-1 in inflammatory and non-inflammatory diseases.

Keywords

• immune receptors
• inflammation
• non-infectious inflammatory diseases
• toll-like receptor pathway
• triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1