Infrared Thermal Profiles in Silvopastoral and Full-Sun Pastures in the Eastern Amazon, Brazil
Aureane Cristina Teixeira Ferreira Cândido,
Lucieta Guerreiro Martorano,
Bruno Uéslei Ferreira Cândido,
Werlleson Nascimento,
Carlos Tadeu dos Santos Dias,
Leila Sheila Silva Lisboa,
Paulo Campos Christo Fernandes,
Arystides Resende Silva,
Moacyr Bernardino Dias-Filho,
Troy Patrick Beldini
Affiliations
Aureane Cristina Teixeira Ferreira Cândido
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociedade, Natureza e Desenvolvimento, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Rua Vera Paz—Salé, Santarém 68000-000, Brazil
Lucieta Guerreiro Martorano
Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociedade, Natureza e Desenvolvimento e Programa de Pós-Graduação Rede Bionorte, Travessa NS Um A, 98, Santarém 68000-000, Brazil
Bruno Uéslei Ferreira Cândido
Departamento de Direito, Centro Universitário da Amazônia, Rua Rosa Vermelha, 335, Santarém 68000-000, Brazil
Werlleson Nascimento
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Estatística e Experimentação Agronômica, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiros, Avenida Pádua Dias, 235, Piracicaba 13400-000, Brazil
Carlos Tadeu dos Santos Dias
Departamento de Ciências Exatas, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiros, Avenida Pádua Dias, 235, Piracicaba 13400-000, Brazil
Leila Sheila Silva Lisboa
Municipal Secretary of Belém SEMEC, Belém 66000-000, Brazil
Paulo Campos Christo Fernandes
Embrapa Cerrados, Brasília 73310-970, Brazil
Arystides Resende Silva
Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, Belém 66000-000, Brazil
Moacyr Bernardino Dias-Filho
Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, Belém 66000-000, Brazil
Troy Patrick Beldini
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociedade, Natureza e Desenvolvimento, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Rua Vera Paz—Salé, Santarém 68000-000, Brazil
There is a great need to identify interactions among silvopastoral systems and microclimatic indicators that describe the effect of trees compared to conventional pasture systems without trees. The objective of this study was to evaluate thermal conditions in a silvopastoral system and a pasture area exposed to full sunlight in the eastern Amazon, Brazil. The silvopastoral system was composed of the forest tree species Bertholletia excelsa H.B.K., Dipteryx odorata (Aubl.) Willd, and Khaya grandifoliola C.DC.. During the monitoring period, a forest inventory was carried out that included 30 trees from each species for which thermal profiles were created using a high-precision thermographic camera. Near-infrared thermography showed a positive and direct correlation with dendrometric variables. Silvopastoral systems with K. grandifoliola reduced the heat profile the most compared to conditions in a pasture fully exposed to sunlight, which demonstrates the ecosystem service provided by trees for thermal regulation in these systems. The microclimatic conditions explain the greater presence of bovines in the silvopastoral system as they were most likely in search of the thermal comfort provided by the trees during the period of the highest daytime temperatures. The silvopastoral system benefits the caloric balance and thermal comfort of pasture animals.
