Corrosion Resistant FBG-Based Quasi-Distributed Sensor for Crude Oil Tank Dynamic Temperature Profile Monitoring
Rogério da Silva Marques,
Adilson Ribeiro Prado,
Paulo Fernando da Costa Antunes,
Paulo Sérgio de Brito André,
Moisés R. N. Ribeiro,
Anselmo Frizera-Neto,
Maria José Pontes
Affiliations
Rogério da Silva Marques
Federal Institute of Espírito Santo, Av. Filogônio Peixoto 2220, Bairro Aviso, Linhares 29901-291, Brazil
Adilson Ribeiro Prado
Federal University of Espírito Santo, Department of Electrical Engineering, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Goiabeiras, Vitória 29075-910, Brazil
Paulo Fernando da Costa Antunes
Instituto de Telecomunicações, I3N and Physics Department, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
Paulo Sérgio de Brito André
Instituto de Telecomunicações and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Superior Technical Institute , University of Lisbon, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisbon 1049-001, Portugal
Moisés R. N. Ribeiro
Federal University of Espírito Santo, Department of Electrical Engineering, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Goiabeiras, Vitória 29075-910, Brazil
Anselmo Frizera-Neto
Federal University of Espírito Santo, Department of Electrical Engineering, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Goiabeiras, Vitória 29075-910, Brazil
Maria José Pontes
Federal University of Espírito Santo, Department of Electrical Engineering, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Goiabeiras, Vitória 29075-910, Brazil
This article presents a corrosion resistant, maneuverable, and intrinsically safe fiber Bragg grating (FBG)-based temperature optical sensor. Temperature monitoring is a critical activity for the oil and gas industry. It typically involves acquiring the desired parameters in a hazardous and corrosive environment. The use of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) was proposed as a means of simultaneously isolating the optical fiber from the corrosive environment and avoiding undesirable mechanical tensions on the FBGs. The presented sensor head is based on multiple FBGs inscribed in a lengthy single mode fiber. The sensor presents an average thermal sensitivity of 8.82 ± 0.09 pm/°C, resulting in a typical temperature resolution of ~0.1 °C and an average time constant value of 6.25 ± 0.08 s. Corrosion and degradation resistance were verified by infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy during 90 days exposure to high salinity crude oil samples. The developed sensor was tested in a field pilot test, mimicking the operation of an inland crude tank, demonstrating its abilities to dynamically monitor temperature profile.
