Chitosan Aerogel Particles as Nasal Drug Delivery Systems
Natalia Menshutina,
Alexander Majouga,
Anastasia Uvarova,
Daria Lovskaya,
Pavel Tsygankov,
Maria Mochalova,
Olga Abramova,
Valeria Ushakova,
Anna Morozova,
Artemiy Silantyev
Affiliations
Natalia Menshutina
Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology, Moscow 125047, Russia
Alexander Majouga
Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology, Moscow 125047, Russia
Anastasia Uvarova
Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology, Moscow 125047, Russia
Daria Lovskaya
Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology, Moscow 125047, Russia
Pavel Tsygankov
Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology, Moscow 125047, Russia
Maria Mochalova
Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology, Moscow 125047, Russia
Olga Abramova
Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Kropotkinsky per. 23, Moscow 119034, Russia
Valeria Ushakova
Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Kropotkinsky per. 23, Moscow 119034, Russia
Anna Morozova
Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Kropotkinsky per. 23, Moscow 119034, Russia
Artemiy Silantyev
Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Kropotkinsky per. 23, Moscow 119034, Russia
The nasal drug delivery route has distinct advantages, such as high bioavailability, a rapid therapeutic effect, non-invasiveness, and ease of administration. This article presents the results of a study of the processes for obtaining chitosan aerogel particles that are promising as nasal or inhalation drug delivery systems. Obtaining chitosan aerogel particles includes the following steps: the preparation of a chitosan solution, gelation, solvent replacement, and supercritical drying. Particles of chitosan gels were obtained by spraying and homogenization. The produced chitosan aerogel particles had specific surface areas of up to 254 m2/g, pore volumes of up to 1.53 cm3/g, and porosities of up to 99%. The aerodynamic diameters of the obtained chitosan aerogel particles were calculated, the values of which ranged from 13 to 59 µm. According to the calculation results, a CS1 sample was used as a matrix for obtaining the pharmaceutical composition “chitosan aerogel—clomipramine”. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of the pharmaceutical composition determined the presence of clomipramine, predominantly in an amorphous form. Analysis of the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) data showed that the mass loading of clomipramine was 35%. Experiments in vivo demonstrated the effectiveness of the pharmaceutical composition “chitosan aerogel—clomipramine” as carrier matrices for the targeted delivery of clomipramine by the “Nose-to-brain” mechanism of nasal administration. The maximum concentration of clomipramine in the frontal cortex and hippocampus was reached 30 min after administration.
