Lingual Fibrous Hyperplasia: Case Report and Literature Review

Abstract

Fibrous hyperplasia is a benign proliferative lesion of inflammatory origin, common in the oral mucosa, and frequently related to chronic irritants. Although it mainly affects the buccal mucosa, gingiva and alveolar ridge, its location on the tongue is rare. These lesions are usually asymptomatic, slowly evolving, with a color similar to the mucosa. A timely and accurate diagnosis is essential to avoid malignant complications and establish appropriate treatment. The case of a 70-year-old man is presented, with a 1.5 cm hyperplastic lesion on the left lateral dorsum of the tongue, without adhesion to deep planes or pain. The lesion had progressively increased in size over a year. An excisional laser biopsy was performed and fibrous hyperplasia was confirmed histologically. This approach allowed precise therapeutic intervention and differential diagnosis against potentially malignant lesions such as oral leukoplakia. The laser technique used showed advantages, such as less postsurgical pain and a lower recurrence rate. This case highlights the need to adequately characterize the lesions and act in a timely manner to optimize clinical management and patient prognosis.

Keywords

• leucoplasia bucal
• enfermedades de la lengua
• patología bucal
• reporte de casos