The influence of lead on gingiva and periodontal tissue

Abstract

Introduction Exposure to lead (Pb) can have harmful effects on the general state of the body, including oral health. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of changes in gingiva and periodontal tissue in adult rats intoxicated with lead acetate by histological analysis. Material and methods The study was conducted on 42 Wistar rats. Intoxication of rats with lead acetate was carried out through drinking water ad libitum. The first group (A1) consisted of 16 rats that received lead-acetate in water at a concentration (1500 ppm) for 14 days, and the second group (A2) consisted of 16 rats that received lead-acetate in water at the same concentration for 30 days. Results Gingivitis and periodontitis in the first group of rats (A1) were observed in 41.7% of cases, and in the second group (A2) in 84% of cases. A statistically significant difference was found between the investigated groups (ch2 = 6.955; p < 0.018). Conclusion Since changes in the gingiva and periodontium have been observed in rats intoxicated with lead for a long period of time, it is necessary to propose a preventive program for patients exposed to lead, which includes dental procedures such as oral hygiene training and regular visits to the dentist.

Keywords

• lead-acetate, gingivitis
• periodontitis
• rats