Revista Brasileira de Cartografia (Dec 2001)
CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE ESTREMAS NO ESPAÇO GEOMÉTRICO: FUNDAMENTOS JURÍDICOS E GEODÉSICOS
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to analyse succintly the juridical and geodetic concepts of the characterization of corners in geometric space. From the juridical basis, the speciality principle of the real (praedial) property right is analysed. This principle embraces both juridical aspects strictly and requisite for the obligatory individualization of real property by means of geographic data that determine having one meaning only the terrestrial space which by he himself occupied. From the geodetic basis, the systems of coordinates for the terrestrial geodetic measurements are synthetized. Two distinct systems are selected as appropriate models. The first is the polar astronomical topocentric system of coordinates in which are collected the geodetic observations by means of measuring instruments (e.g., tachymeter). The second is the polar ellipsoidal system of coordinates in which are described boundaries. The mathematical method to determine the surface of the any polygons on the ellipsoid as function of the ellipsoidal geographic coordinates is presented. The quality measures of geodetic networks are listed. A refined structure for the real property registration in which geodetic and statistic quantities are necessary for the speciality principle interpretation and the complements for the pertinent juridical norm, i.e., the article 225 of the Brazilian federal Law n. 6015/1973 (Lei de Registros Públicos) are proposed. It is supported in the thesis that the refined conception of the geodetic model for the characterization of corners in the geometric space so that the boundaries de iure place approximately the boundaries de facto must be the intersection between the principles contained in the real (praedial) property right and principles contained in the Geodesy.
