Gauge to simultaneously determine the electrical conductivity, the Hall constant, and the Seebeck coefficient up to 800 °C

Abstract

A new high temperature gauge to simultaneously determine the electrical conductivity, the Hall constant, and the Seebeck coefficient has been developed. Screen-printed heating structures on a ceramic sample holder are used to generate temperatures up to 800 ∘C by Joule heating. The heating structures were designed using the finite element method (FEM) simulations and the temperature distribution was validated by thermal imaging. To measure the Seebeck coefficient, Au/Pt thermocouples with different geometries were investigated and successfully integrated into the gauge. Measurements on constantan, a typical Seebeck coefficient reference material with high electrical conductivity, high charge carrier concentration, and a known Seebeck coefficient, as well as on a well-described boron-doped silicon wafer confirm the functionality of the gauge up to 800 ∘C.