Ecosystem of Medicinal Plants Species and Potential of Growing on the Dumps of Kedrovsky Surface Mine (Kemerovo Region)

Abstract

The medicinal flora of phytocenosis “Yuzhny” waste dump Kedrovsky coal mine pit in Kemerovo region was studied. It has been established that 51 species of medicinal plants belonging to 46 genus and 27 families grow on the waste dump. They are permitted for use in official medicine and included in the Medicines State Register in the territory of the Russian Federation. The most of medicinal plants species are represented by forest (39.22%), ruderal (27.45%) and meadow (23.53%) vegetation, which in general is 90.2% of the identified medicinal plants number. The share of semi-aquatic and steppe vegetation accounts for 7.84% and 1.96%, respectively. It has been established that perennial herbaceous plants (25 species) predominate in the life forms composition; shrubs and trees account for 7 and 9 species, respectively. Researches were established a group of medicinal plants with resource potential and interest in raw materials procurement. This group include 13 herbaceous plants (Achillea millefolium L., Viola arvensis Murr., Polygonum aviculare L., Melilotus officinalis (L.) Pall., Fragaria vesca L., Verbascum thapsus L., Urtica dioica L., Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim., Tussilago farfara L., Taraxacum officinale Web., Tanacetum vulgare L., Plantago major L., Artemisia absinthium L.), 5 shurbs (Crataеgus sanguínea Pall., Hippophaë rhamnoides L., Rosa accicularis Lindl., Rosa majalis Herm., Viburnum opulus L.) and 5 trees ( Betula pendula Roth., Betula pubesccens Ehrh., Padus avium Mill., Sorbus sibirica Hedl., Pinus sylbestris L.).