Somatologic characteristics of biathlon students’ body constitution in predicting of their successfulness

Abstract

Purpose: determination of somatologic characteristics of biathlon students’ body constitution in predicting of their successfulness. Material: in the research the following students participated (n=27, age19-21 years, boys n=17, girls n=10). Quetelet’s, Erisman’s and Piniet’s anthropometric indices were calculated as well as life index. Results: the greatest distinctions between boys and girls were observed by the following absolute indicators: body, trunk and torso lengths; body mass. The least distinctions were by the length of upper and lower limbs, which prevail in boys. In girls we observed noticeable realization of diaphragm breathing. It permits to increase alveolar surface at the cost of lungs’ stretching in longitudinal direction. With it, there was no visible change of chest excursion. Relatively high level of women’s physical fitness conditions asthenia (dolymorphia). It results in approximation of girls’ chest shape to men’s. In boys formation of somatic type is realized at the cost of chest circumferential sizes but directly depends on the strength of hands’ and back’s muscles. Conclusions: for some sport-pedagogic activities (in our case - biathlon) certain type of body constitution is intrinsic, which conditions successfulness of professional program realization. Somatic type characterizes compliance and correlation of separated body links. These criteria permit to reduce costly part of future specialist’s training and achieve high results in professional activity.

Keywords

• somatology
• somatic type
• body constitution
• body proportions