The Effect of High-Intensity Power Training on Habitual, Intervention and Total Physical Activity Levels in Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: Secondary Outcomes of the GREAT2DO Randomized Controlled Trial
Marjan Mosalman Haghighi,
Yorgi Mavros,
Shelley Kay,
Kylie A. Simpson,
Michael K. Baker,
Yi Wang,
Ren Ru Zhao,
Jacinda Meiklejohn,
Mike Climstein,
Anthony J. O’Sullivan,
Nathan De Vos,
Bernhard T. Baune,
Steven N. Blair,
David Simar,
Nalin Singh,
Jeffrey Schlicht,
Maria A. Fiatarone Singh
Affiliations
Marjan Mosalman Haghighi
Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2050, Australia
Yorgi Mavros
Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2050, Australia
Shelley Kay
Centre for Medical Psychology and Evidence Based Decision Making, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2050, Australia
Kylie A. Simpson
Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2050, Australia
Michael K. Baker
School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Strathfield 2135, Australia
Yi Wang
Lipid Metabolism & Cardiometabolic Disease Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Australia
Ren Ru Zhao
Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2050, Australia
Jacinda Meiklejohn
Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2050, Australia
Mike Climstein
Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2050, Australia
Anthony J. O’Sullivan
Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
Nathan De Vos
The Centre for STRONG Medicine, Balmain Hospital, Balmain 2041, Australia
Bernhard T. Baune
Department of Psychiatry, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
Steven N. Blair
Exercise Science Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
David Simar
School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
Nalin Singh
Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2050, Australia
Jeffrey Schlicht
Department of Health Promotion and Exercise Sciences, Western Connecticut State University, Danbury, CT 06810, USA
Maria A. Fiatarone Singh
Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2050, Australia
Background: We examined the effect of power training on habitual, intervention and total physical activity (PA) levels in older adults with type 2 diabetes and their relationship to metabolic control. Materials and Methods: 103 adults with type 2 diabetes were randomized to receive supervised power training or sham exercise three times/week for 12 months. Habitual, intervention, and total PA, as well as insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), were measured. Results: Participants were aged 67.9 ± 5.5 yrs, with well-controlled diabetes (HbA1c = 7.1%) and higher than average habitual PA levels compared to healthy peers. Habitual PA did not change significantly over 12 months (p = 0.74), and there was no effect of group assignment on change over time in habitual PA over 0–6 (p = 0.16) or 0–6–12 months (p = 0.51). By contrast, intervention PA, leg press tonnage and total PA increased over both 6- and 12-month timepoints (p = 0.0001), and these changes were significantly greater in the power training compared to the sham exercise group across timepoints (p = 0.0001). However, there were no associations between changes in any PA measures over time and changes in metabolic profile. Conclusion: Structured high-intensity power training may be an effective strategy to enhance overall PA in this high-risk cohort.
