O odmiennym uregulowaniu wad oświadczeń woli zawarcia małżeństwa wobec ogólnej regulacji kodeksu cywilnego

Abstract

The aim of this paper was to present regulations on defects of a declaration of intent to enter into marriage and compare them with regulations set out in Articles 82–88 of PCC with respect to the scope of the individual defects of a declaration of intent and the ways in which the resulting inconsistencies can be justified. The paper uses a method of research based on legal doctrine, involving an analysis of legal provisions, especially those set out in the Polish Family and Guardianship Code, the Polish Civil Code, case law and the literature. Methods based on comparative law and the history of law were used as a secondary measure. The research has shown that a limitation of the catalogue of defects of a declaration of intent as set out in Article 15¹ of PFGC and the definition of the scope of the individual defects is justified by the nature of marriage as a lasting relationship. The inconsistencies between these regulations are therefore a deliberate step to implement the principle of permanence of marriage. However, the opinion expressed in this paper is that some of the defects of a declaration of intent to enter into marriage are regulated too narrowly, which is why the debate over amendments to Article 15¹ § 1 of PFGC is well worth continuing. Especially relevant here is the de lege ferenda postulate to extend the scope of a defect of a declaration of intent set out in Article 15¹ § 1 section 1 of PFGC with the defect of no freedom to declare intent to enter into marriage, as well as the postulate to extend the scope of error set out in Article 15¹ § 1 section 2 of PFGC to include error as to civil identity. However, no reasons could be found to extend the catalogue of defects of a declaration of intent set out in 15¹ § 1 of PFGC to include ‘ostensible nature’.

Keywords

• entry into marriage
• defects of a declaration of intent
• marriage