Fluoroquinolone Use in Children: the Benefits and Risks.

Abstract

Summary Background: Fluoroquinolones are widely used in the treatment of various infectious diseases in adults because of their broad spectrum of activity, their significant tissue penetration and the availability of oral formulations. Their use in children has however, been limited until recently as a result of possible fluoroquinolone-induced joint toxicity. Nevertheless, these agents are rapidly gaining consideration for use in children as new agents are emerging with wider spectrum of action and minimal toxicity, even in young children. Objectives: This review presents the pharmacokinetics, clinical indications, and possible toxicity and safety profiles of fluoroquinolone in children. Methods: A MEDLINE search for systematic reviews and original publications on (a) fluoroquinolone use in adults, children and animals, (b) clinical trials of fluoroquinolones in adults, and (c)pharmacokinetics, efficacy and safety of the drugs in children, was undertaken using Index Medicus and PubMed. Abstracts from the searches were read to determine their relevance and in most cases, the original article was sourced to provide further information. Results: The search yielded 23 relevant articles (three reviews, four clinical trials and 16 original research work). Conclusion: When a particular antibiotic therapy fails or cannot be tolerated, the use of fluoroquinolones should be seriously considered as the potential benefits of their use may outweigh concerns about safety and antimicrobial resistance.