Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production (Mar 2020)
Effect of Farmyard, Biological and Chemical Fertilizers on Yield, Yield Components and Some Morphological Characteristics of Wheat
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of farmyard, biological and chemical fertilizers on yield and yield components of wheat, an experiment was carried out as a factorial based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications at the Research Center for Agriculture and Natural Resources in 2013-2014. The first factor was levels of fertilizers: control, chemical fertilizer, Nitroxin + Phosphate Barvar2, FYM + Phosphate Barvar 2, Supernitroplus + Phosphate Barvar2 and integrated treatment (Nitroxin+ Supernitroplus + FYM+ Phosphate Barvar 2) and second factor was Urom and Sovason as wheat varieties. Results showed that for number of spikelets per spike, Urom variety and for 1000 kernel weight, Sovason variety were superior. The highest number of grains per spike was obtained by chemical fertilizer application without significant differences with other fertilizer treatments and the highest biological yield was obtained in chemical fertilizer (12530 kg.ha-1) and integrated treatment (12490 kg.ha-1) without significant differences, which showed an increase of 11.75% on the average compared to the control. The highest grain yield was obtained in integrated treatment in Sovason variety (5335 kg.ha-1), chemical fertilizer (5228 kg.ha-1) and integrated treatment (4782 kg.ha-1) in Orum variety without significant difference, which showed an increase of 72.2% on the average compared to the control. The highest protein percentage was recorded for integrated treatment (16.4%), Nitroxin + Phosphate Barvar (16.2%) and Fertilizer (16%) for Orum variety, respectively. In general, there was no significant difference between the application of chemical fertilizer and the integrated application of organic and biological fertilizers in many traits, including grain yield, yield components and protein percentage. Therefore, there is the possibility of replacing chemical fertilizers with organic and biological fertilizers for producing of wheat in a sustainable organic farming system.
