Risk Factors of Candida Urinary Tract Infection in Hospitalised Patients at A Tertiary Referral Hospital in Surabaya, Indonesia

Abstract

Candiduria is a condition in which Candida species are found in the urine. Candiduria is commonly found in hospitalized patients, especially those with diabetes mellitus and those receiving medical care, especially using urine catheters. Although Candida is a normal part of the body’s flora, certain species can opportunistically cause urinary tract infections (UTIs). This study aimed to analyze the risk factors for Candida UTIs in patients hospitalized at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital in Surabaya, Indonesia. This was an analytical, observational, and cross-sectional study included 52 patients hospitalized with Candida culture results, who underwent urine re-collection for confirmatory culture examination. The results showed a significant correlation between candiduria (p = 0.000); yeast, pseudohyphae, or hyphae found on Gram staining (p = 0.024); and previous antibiotic use (p = 0.027) with Candida UTIs. This suggests that candiduria, presence of yeast, pseudohyphae, or hyphae found on Gram staining, and previous antibiotic use are risk factors for Candida UTIs. In conclusion, these findings underscore the need for careful monitoring of antibiotic use and candiduria in hospitalized patients to prevent Candida UTIs.

Keywords

• candiduria
• candida
• urinary tract infection
• diabetes
• medical care