康复学报 (Aug 2023)
Mechanism of Nerve Regeneration after Ischemic Stroke Induced by Exercise Intervention
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is characterized by high incidence, high disability rate and high mortality. It is a challenge in the prevention and treatment of cerebrovascular diseases, and it is also a major global health concern. Following the IS, in order to cope with the loss of input from neurons in the infarction area induced by ischemia and hypoxia stimulation, the body will spontaneously start the self-repair mechanism and reorganize the neuronal functional connections and neural pathways in the brain. However, the complete recovery of neurological function is far from enough when relying on the self-repair and functional reconstruction of the body alone, and it is still necessary to maximize and strengthen this ability through effective clinical treatment. Therefore, it is still the core issue and primary research direction to explore a treatment method that can effectively promote neuronal remodeling and regeneration, and improve neuronal injury-induced dysfunction for the prevention and treatment of IS. At present, exercise intervention, as a rehabilitation treatment technique with high clinical feasibility and high patient acceptance, has been included in the rehabilitation treatment plan for a variety of diseases, and is a complementary and alternative therapy for the effective prevention and treatment of cerebrovascular diseases. This study reviewed the regulatory mechanism of exercise intervention on nerve regeneration after IS, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of IS through exercise intervention. Based on the plasticity of the central nervous system, exercise intervention can play a neuroprotective role in the brain through multi-levels, multi-pathways and multi-targets, such as regulating synaptic budding, connection and transmission efficiency, improving the functional connection between regenerative axons and target cells, promoting angiogenesis and protecting the integrity of neurovascular units, regulating related inhibitory nerve regeneration factors, and inducing the expression of various nerve growth factors related to nerve regeneration and promoting the proliferation of neural stem cells, so as to participate in the regulation of central nervous rege-neration environment, and improve the damaged nerve function after ischemia.
