Prevalence of Cyclomodulin-Positive <i>E. coli</i> and <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. Strains in Mexican Patients with Colon Diseases and Antimicrobial Resistance
Adrian Canizalez-Roman,
Juan E. Reina-Reyes,
Uriel A. Angulo-Zamudio,
Eloy E. Geminiano-Martínez,
Antonio F. Flores-Carrillo,
Rolando R. García-Matus,
Norma M. Valencia-Mijares,
Nidia Leon-Sicairos,
Jorge Velazquez-Roman,
Francisco A. Martínez-Villa,
Gabriela Tapia-Pastrana
Affiliations
Adrian Canizalez-Roman
Centro de Investigación Aplicada a la Salud Pública (CIASaP), School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacan Sinaloa 80246, Mexico
Juan E. Reina-Reyes
Laboratorio de Investigación Biomédica, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Oaxaca, San Bartolo Coyotepec, Oaxaca City 71256, Mexico
Uriel A. Angulo-Zamudio
Centro de Investigación Aplicada a la Salud Pública (CIASaP), School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacan Sinaloa 80246, Mexico
Eloy E. Geminiano-Martínez
Laboratorio de Investigación Biomédica, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Oaxaca, San Bartolo Coyotepec, Oaxaca City 71256, Mexico
Antonio F. Flores-Carrillo
Laboratorio de Investigación Biomédica, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Oaxaca, San Bartolo Coyotepec, Oaxaca City 71256, Mexico
Rolando R. García-Matus
Laboratorio de Investigación Biomédica, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Oaxaca, San Bartolo Coyotepec, Oaxaca City 71256, Mexico
Norma M. Valencia-Mijares
Laboratorio de Investigación Biomédica, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Oaxaca, San Bartolo Coyotepec, Oaxaca City 71256, Mexico
Nidia Leon-Sicairos
Centro de Investigación Aplicada a la Salud Pública (CIASaP), School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacan Sinaloa 80246, Mexico
Jorge Velazquez-Roman
Centro de Investigación Aplicada a la Salud Pública (CIASaP), School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacan Sinaloa 80246, Mexico
Francisco A. Martínez-Villa
Programa de Maestría en Ciencias en Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, UAS, Culiacan Sinaloa 80246, Mexico
Gabriela Tapia-Pastrana
Laboratorio de Investigación Biomédica, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Oaxaca, San Bartolo Coyotepec, Oaxaca City 71256, Mexico
Colon diseases, such as colorectal cancer (CRC), are multifactor diseases that affect more than one million people per year; recently, the microbiota has been associated with an etiologic factor, specifically bacterial cyclomodulin positivity (CM+). Unfortunately, there are no studies from Mexico that detail the presence of bacterial CM+ in patients with colon diseases. We therefore performed a comprehensive study to investigate the associations and prevalence of cyclomodulin-positive Diarrheagenic E. coli (DEC), non-DEC, and Klebsiella spp. strains isolated from Mexican subjects with colon diseases. In this work, we analyzed 43 biopsies, 87 different bacteria were isolated, and E. coli was the most frequently noted, followed by Klebsiella spp., and Enterococcus spp. E. coli, non-DEC, and EPEC belonging to phylogroup B2 were the most prevalent. More than 80% of E. coli and Klebsiella were CM+. pks, cdt, cnf, and cif were identified. cdt was associated with non-DEC, cif and its combinations with EPEC, as well as cdt and psk with Klebsiella. Lastly, all the CM+ bacteria were resistant to at least one antibiotic (34% were MDR, and 48% XDR). In conclusion, the high prevalence of bacterial CM+ in colon disease patients suggests that these bacteria play an important role in the genesis of these diseases.