Design and Psychometric Evaluation of Nurses’ Mobile Health Device Acceptance Scale (NMHDA-Scale): Application of the Expectation-Confirmation Theory

Abstract

BackgroundThe use of mobile tools in nursing care is indispensable. Given the importance of nurses’ acceptance of these tools in delivering effective care, this issue requires greater attention. ObjectiveThis study aims to design the Mobile Health Tool Acceptance Scale for Nurses based on the Expectation-Confirmation Theory and to evaluate it psychometrically. MethodsUsing a Waltz-based approach grounded in existing tools and the constructs of the Expectation-Confirmation Theory, the initial version of the scale was designed and evaluated for face and content validity. Construct validity was examined through exploratory factor analysis, concurrent validity, and known-group comparison. Reliability was assessed using measures of internal consistency and stability. ResultsThe initial version of the scale consisted of 33 items. During the qualitative and quantitative content validity stage, 1 item was added and 1 item was removed. Exploratory factor analysis, retaining 33 items, identified 5 factors that explained 70.53% of the variance. A significant positive correlation was found between the scores of the designed tool and nurses’ attitudes toward using mobile-based apps in nursing care (r=0.655, P<.001). The intraclass correlation coefficient, Cronbach α, and ω coefficient were 0.938, 0.953, and 0.907, respectively. ConclusionsThe 33-item scale developed is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring nurses’ acceptance of mobile health tools.