BMC Primary Care (Apr 2025)

Sick leave prescriptions in general medicine: results from the ECOGEN study

  • Cyril Bègue,
  • Matthieu Peurois,
  • Charlotte Orvain,
  • Yves Roquelaure,
  • Audrey Petit,
  • Aline Ramond-Roquin

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-025-02712-5
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 26, no. 1
pp. 1 – 11

Abstract

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Abstract Background Sick leave is a significant social and economic concern, with substantial costs and potential adverse consequences for patients. Understanding the factors influencing sick leave prescriptions is essential to improve their relevance and impact. The principal objective of this study was to describe general medicine consultations that led to sick leave prescriptions. Methods The ECOGEN study, conducted from November 2011 to April 2012 in France, systematically analysed thousands of general medicine consultations. Data collected from 10,271 consultations, involving non-retired patients aged 18 to 65, provided insights into the determinants of sick leave prescriptions. Various patient and General Practitioners (GP) characteristics, consultation details, and health issues were considered. Results 16.5% of the consultations analysed, resulted in sick leave prescriptions. Several determinants were identified. Older patients received fewer sick leave prescriptions. Laborers had higher prescription rates, reflecting their poorer health and harsh working conditions. Longer consultations were associated with lower prescription rates. Sick leave prescriptions varied by health issue, with higher rates for musculoskeletal, digestive, respiratory, social, and psychiatric problems. Conclusion Understanding the determinants of sick leave prescriptions is essential for their appropriate use. This study reveals the intricate interplay of patient characteristics, health issues, and GP factors in these decisions. Despite the fact that the study was not specifically designed to study the prescription of sick leave and that the data relate to a relatively short period, the winter of 2011–2012, it provides important insights into the prescription of sick leave. Improved comprehension can enhance the relevance and effectiveness of sick leave prescriptions, benefiting both individuals and society. Further qualitative research is necessary to explore the underlying factors driving these decisions in greater detail. Trial registration Not applicable.

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