Phytochemical, Morphological and Genetic Characterisation of <i>Anacyclus pyrethrum</i> var. <i>depressus</i> (Ball.) Maire and <i>Anacyclus pyrethrum</i> var. <i>pyrethrum</i> (L.) Link
Fatima Zahra Jawhari,
Hamada Imtara,
Nabil Radouane,
Abdelfattah El Moussaoui,
Imane Es-safi,
Amal Amaghnouje,
Mashail N. AlZain,
Omer Noman,
Mohammad Khalid Parvez,
Dalila Bousta,
Amina Bari
Affiliations
Fatima Zahra Jawhari
Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Agri-Food and Health (LBEAS), Faculty of Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah (USMBA) University, P.O. Box 2202, Fez 30000, Morocco
Hamada Imtara
Faculty of Sciences, Arab American University Palestine, Jenin P.O. Box 240, Palestine
Nabil Radouane
African Genome Center, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
Abdelfattah El Moussaoui
Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Agri-Food and Health (LBEAS), Faculty of Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah (USMBA) University, P.O. Box 2202, Fez 30000, Morocco
Imane Es-safi
Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Agri-Food and Health (LBEAS), Faculty of Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah (USMBA) University, P.O. Box 2202, Fez 30000, Morocco
Amal Amaghnouje
Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Agri-Food and Health (LBEAS), Faculty of Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah (USMBA) University, P.O. Box 2202, Fez 30000, Morocco
Mashail N. AlZain
Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11761, Saudi Arabia
Omer Noman
Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
Mohammad Khalid Parvez
Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Dalila Bousta
Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Agri-Food and Health (LBEAS), Faculty of Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah (USMBA) University, P.O. Box 2202, Fez 30000, Morocco
Amina Bari
Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Agri-Food and Health (LBEAS), Faculty of Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah (USMBA) University, P.O. Box 2202, Fez 30000, Morocco
The present study is based on a multidisciplinary approach carried out for the first time on Anacyclus pyrethrum var. pyrethrum and Anacyclus pyrethrum var. depressus, two varieties from the endemic and endangered medicinal species listed in the IUCN red list, Anacyclus pyrethrum (L.) Link. Therefore, morphological, phytochemical, and genetic characterisations were carried out in the present work. Morphological characterisation was established based on 23 qualitative and quantitative characters describing the vegetative and floral parts. The phytochemical compounds were determined by UHPLC. Genetic characterisation of extracted DNA was subjected to PCR using two sets of universal primers, rbcL a-f/rbcL a-R and rpocL1-2/rpocL1-4, followed by sequencing analysis using the Sanger method. The results revealed a significant difference between the two varieties studied. Furthermore, phytochemical analysis of the studied extracts revealed a quantitative and qualitative variation in the chemical profile, as well as the presence of interesting compounds, including new compounds that have never been reported in A. pyrethrum. The phylogenetic analysis of the DNA sequences indicated a similarity percentage of 91%. Based on the morphological characterisation and congruence with the phytochemical characterisation and molecular data, we can confirm that A. pyrethrum var. pyrethrum and A. pyrethrum var. depressus represent two different taxa.
