The effect of Ca/Mg/Zn mixing ratio on the research octane number of bio-gasoline during basic soap pyrolysis
Endar Puspawiningtiyas,
Meiti Pratiwi,
Ronny Purwadi,
Astri N. Istyami,
Lidya Elizabeth,
Tirto Prakoso,
Subagjo,
Tatang Hernas Soerawidjaja
Affiliations
Endar Puspawiningtiyas
Department of Chemical Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia; Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto, Jl. Ahmad Dahlan, Purwokerto, 53182, Indonesia
Meiti Pratiwi
Department of Bioenergy and Chemurgy, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesa No. 10 Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
Ronny Purwadi
Department of Food Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesa No. 10 Bandung, 40132, Indonesia; Corresponding author.
Astri N. Istyami
Department of Bioenergy and Chemurgy, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesa No. 10 Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
Lidya Elizabeth
Department of Chemical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Bandung, Jalan Gegerkalong Hilir, 40559 Indonesia
Tirto Prakoso
Department of Bioenergy and Chemurgy, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesa No. 10 Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
Subagjo
Department of Chemical Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
Tatang Hernas Soerawidjaja
Department of Bioenergy and Chemurgy, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesa No. 10 Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
Pyrolysis is one of the available technologies to convert oleic basic soap into gasoline-compatible fuel. In this research, the process mentioned was applied using the mixture of Ca, Mg, Zn in the production of oleic basic soap. The reactions were carried out in a batch glass reactor at atmospheric pressure at the temperature of 450 °C. Meanwhile, the basic soaps were made by reacting oleic acid mixed with metal hydroxides. The parameters observed were the Research Octane Number (RON) of bio-gasoline and the hydrocarbon content in the liquid product. The higher the octane number is, the better gasoline resists detonation and the smoother the engine runs. As observed, pyrolysis of oleic basic soap produced gasoline range hydrocarbon. GC-DHA results indicated that the highest RON (89.6) was achieved with Ca/Mg/Zn ratio of 0.15:0.85:1 (Ca-metal ratio of 0.15 mol). The products of the pyrolysis process comprised bio-hydrocarbon, solid residue, water, and gas. The bio-hydrocarbon contents were paraffin (5.9 wt%), iso-paraffin (31.3 wt%), olefin (18.5 wt%), naphthene (25.3 wt%), and aromatic compounds (15.3 wt%).
