Aktivitätsmodelle der deutschen Frauenbewegung um die Wende vom 19. zum 20. Jahrhundert in gesellschaftlicher und publizistischer Tätigkeit von Paulina Kuczalska-Reinschmit

Abstract

Paulina Kuczalska-Reinschmit (1859–1921) – the leader of the Polish emancipation movement at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries and active on the territory under Russian rule – established her programme of struggle for educational, professional and political emancipation of Polish women, drawing inspiration from the national sources: the ideology of the Polish Renaissance and Polish Sarmatism of the pre-partition era but the forms of implementation of this programme were based on foreign, mainly French and German influences. The German influence is noticeable particularly in the crystallization of her emancipation programme, that is in the second half of the 1880s and first half of the 1890s when she wrote about German women in the first Polish feminist daily “Świt” [Dawn], then in the daily of the so called Warsaw positivists titled “Przegląd Tygodniowy” [Weekly Review] and finally in her own feminist periodical “Ster” [Helm]. While working on the programmes and forms of activity of “Ster” and of the Polish Women’s Union for Equal Rights, she took advantage of the models created mainly by the German organization Allgemeiner Deutscher Frauenverein as well as Louise Otto-Peters and Auguste Schmidt’s magazine “Neue Bahnen”.

Keywords

• Polish women’s movement
• Paulina Kuczalska-Reinschmit
• feminist magazine “Helm” (Lviv 1895–1897, Warsaw 1907–1914)