Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China; Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Shenzhen, China; Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China; Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Shenzhen, China
Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Shenzhen, China; Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China; Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Shenzhen, China
State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
Yujing Wu
Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Shenzhen, China; Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China; Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Shenzhen, China
Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
Chong Wu
Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Shenzhen, China; Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China; Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Shenzhen, China
Xiaodan Yu
Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Shenzhen, China; Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China; Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Shenzhen, China
Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Shenzhen, China; Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China; Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Shenzhen, China
Plants have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to regulate gene expression to activate immune responses against pathogen infections. However, how the translation system contributes to plant immunity is largely unknown. The evolutionarily conserved thiolation modification of transfer RNA (tRNA) ensures efficient decoding during translation. Here, we show that tRNA thiolation is required for plant immunity in Arabidopsis. We identify a cgb mutant that is hyper-susceptible to the pathogen Pseudomonas syringae. CGB encodes ROL5, a homolog of yeast NCS6 required for tRNA thiolation. ROL5 physically interacts with CTU2, a homolog of yeast NCS2. Mutations in either ROL5 or CTU2 result in loss of tRNA thiolation. Further analyses reveal that both transcriptome and proteome reprogramming during immune responses are compromised in cgb. Notably, the translation of salicylic acid receptor NPR1 is reduced in cgb, resulting in compromised salicylic acid signaling. Our study not only reveals a regulatory mechanism for plant immunity but also uncovers an additional biological function of tRNA thiolation.
