Pyrolyzed Photoresist Carbon Electrodes for Trace Electroanalysis of Nickel(II)

Abstract

Novel pyrolyzed photoresist carbon electrodes for electroanalytical applications have been produced by photolithographic technology followed by pyrolysis of the photoresist. A study of the determination of Ni(II) dimethylglyoximate (Ni-DMG) through adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry at an in situ bismuth-modified pyrolyzed photoresist electrode (Bi-PPCE) is reported. The experimental conditions for the deposition of a bismuth film on the PPCE were optimized. The Bi-PPCE allowed the analysis of trace concentrations of Ni(II), even in the presence of Co(II), which is the main interference in this analysis, with cathodic stripping square wave voltammograms characterized by well-separated stripping peaks. The calculated limits of detection (LOD) were 20 ng∙L−1 for Ni(II) alone and 500 ng∙L−1 in the presence of Co(II). The optimized method was finally applied to the analysis of certified spring water (NIST1640a).

Keywords

• pyrolyzed photoresist electrodes
• bismuth film electrode
• nickel
• cobalt
• electroanalysis