Antipsychotic-induced tardive dyskinesia as a serious adverse effect in the psychopharmacotherapy of schizophrenia

Abstract

Schizophrenia is a socially significant disorder with a high prevalence among young and middle-aged people. Movement disorders, or extrapyramidal syndrome, are potentially reversible antipsychotic-induced adverse effects (AEs) that stigmatize patients and worsen quality of life. Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a neurological AE in the extrapyramidal system, which is accompanied by abnormal involuntary non-rhythmic choreiform or athetoid movements (hyperkinesis) that occur during the long-term use of antipsychotics. The reversible and persistent forms of TD are identified. The article analyzes the prevalence and predictors of TD, as well as the issues of its diagnosis.

Keywords

• antipsychotics
• schizophrenia
• adverse effect
• extrapyramidal syndrome
• tardive dyskinesia
• predictors
• prevalence
• diagnosis