Stroitel’stvo: Nauka i Obrazovanie (Jul 2018)
PECULIARITIES OF LOCATION OF THE RURAL MULTIFUNCTIONAL PUBLIC CENTRES
Abstract
Subject: the article considers the problem of rural socio-cultural infrastructure development as a promising area of development. Multifunctional public centers are considered as a possible way of development. The article considers the problem of rural socio-cultural infrastructure development; the town-planning aspect in the design of multifunctional public centers in rural settlements; the peculiarities of their location relative to existing buildings and transport networks; the impact of their location on the design decision of open public spaces. Research objectives: identification of factors that affect the location of a multifunctional public center in rural settlements; creation of classification of such centers by the principle of their location. Materials and methods: the study was carried out on the basis of a review and analysis of international and Russian researches, analysis of international implemented and conceptual projects of rural public centers. Results: we have classified rural multifunctional public centers according to the principle of their location in the settlement’s structure and this classification is based on the analysis of a number of European public centers. The factors are given that influence the choice of this location, including the settlement infrastructure development degree, transport accessibility, density and character of settlement, functional saturation of the complex, etc. Examples are given for each of the three types of public centers identified in the classification. Also, the town-planning role of such centers in the formation of public spaces and the socio-cultural infrastructure of rural settlements is also indicated. Conclusions: the resulting classification, together with the functional classification of multifunctional public centers, can be adapted to the contemporary realities of the Russian village, so that significant progress can be made in the development of the national typology of rural multifunctional public centers.
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