In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Effect, Antioxidant Activity, and Polyphenolic Content of Extracts from <i>Capsicum chinense</i> By-Products
Lilian Dolores Chel-Guerrero,
Gabriela Castañeda-Corral,
Misael López-Castillo,
Matteo Scampicchio,
Ksenia Morozova,
Julio Enrique Oney-Montalvo,
Giovanna Ferrentino,
Juan José Acevedo-Fernández,
Ingrid Mayanín Rodríguez-Buenfil
Affiliations
Lilian Dolores Chel-Guerrero
Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A. C. Subsede Sureste, Tablaje 31264 km, 5.5 Carretera Sierra Papacal-Chuburna Puerto, Parque Científico Tecnológico de Yucatán, Mérida C.P. 97302, Mexico
Gabriela Castañeda-Corral
Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad No. 1001, Col Chamilpa, Cuernavaca C.P. 62209, Mexico
Misael López-Castillo
Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad No. 1001, Col Chamilpa, Cuernavaca C.P. 62209, Mexico
Matteo Scampicchio
Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Piazza Università 5, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
Ksenia Morozova
Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Piazza Università 5, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
Julio Enrique Oney-Montalvo
Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A. C. Subsede Sureste, Tablaje 31264 km, 5.5 Carretera Sierra Papacal-Chuburna Puerto, Parque Científico Tecnológico de Yucatán, Mérida C.P. 97302, Mexico
Giovanna Ferrentino
Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Piazza Università 5, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
Juan José Acevedo-Fernández
Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad No. 1001, Col Chamilpa, Cuernavaca C.P. 62209, Mexico
Ingrid Mayanín Rodríguez-Buenfil
Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A. C. Subsede Sureste, Tablaje 31264 km, 5.5 Carretera Sierra Papacal-Chuburna Puerto, Parque Científico Tecnológico de Yucatán, Mérida C.P. 97302, Mexico
By-products of Capsicum chinense Jacq., var Jaguar could be a source of bioactive compounds. Therefore, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect, antioxidant activity, and their relationship with the polyphenol content of extracts of habanero pepper by-products obtained from plants grown on black or red soils of Yucatán, Mexico. Moreover, the impact of the type of extraction on their activities was evaluated. The dry by-product extracts were obtained by maceration (ME), Soxhlet (SOX), and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE). Afterward, the in vivo anti-inflammatory effect (TPA-induced ear inflammation) and the in vitro antioxidant activity (ABTS) were evaluated. Finally, the polyphenolic content was quantified by Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC), and its correlation with both bioactivities was analyzed. The results showed that the SFE extract of stems of plants grown on red soil yielded the highest anti-inflammatory effect (66.1 ± 3.1%), while the extracts obtained by ME and SOX had the highest antioxidant activity (2.80 ± 0.0052 mM Trolox equivalent) and polyphenol content (3280 ± 15.59 mg·100 g−1 dry basis), respectively. A negative correlation between the anti-inflammatory effect, the antioxidant activity, and the polyphenolic content was found. Overall, the present study proposed C. chinense by-products as a valuable source of compounds with anti-inflammatory effect and antioxidant activity.
