Small-molecule amines: a big role in the regulation of bone homeostasis
Qian Zhang,
Jirong Yang,
Nan Hu,
Juan Liu,
Huan Yu,
Haobo Pan,
Di Chen,
Changshun Ruan
Affiliations
Qian Zhang
Research Center for Human Tissue and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Jirong Yang
Research Center for Human Tissue and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Nan Hu
Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology)
Juan Liu
Research Center for Human Tissue and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Huan Yu
Research Center for Computer-Aided Drug Discovery, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Haobo Pan
Research Center for Human Tissue and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Di Chen
Research Center for Computer-Aided Drug Discovery, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Changshun Ruan
Research Center for Human Tissue and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Abstract Numerous small-molecule amines (SMAs) play critical roles in maintaining bone homeostasis and promoting bone regeneration regardless of whether they are applied as drugs or biomaterials. On the one hand, SMAs promote bone formation or inhibit bone resorption through the regulation of key molecular signaling pathways in osteoblasts/osteoclasts; on the other hand, owing to their alkaline properties as well as their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory features, most SMAs create a favorable microenvironment for bone homeostasis. However, due to a lack of information on their structure/bioactivity and underlying mechanisms of action, certain SMAs cannot be developed into drugs or biomaterials for bone disease treatment. In this review, we thoroughly summarize the current understanding of SMA effects on bone homeostasis, including descriptions of their classifications, biochemical features, recent research advances in bone biology and related regulatory mechanisms in bone regeneration. In addition, we discuss the challenges and prospects of SMA translational research.
