Mechanism of forelimb motor function restoration in rats with cervical spinal cord hemisection-neuroanatomical validation-

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study is neuroanatomical validation of forelimb motor function restoration in rats with cervical spinal cord injury. Materials and methods: We used eight cervical hemisected rats and eight normal rats. We cut in half the C3/4 cervical spinal cord of 18-weeks-old normal rats. We used 24-weeks-old rats that had reached a nearly steady state of forelimb motor function after the hemisection (Hemisection group). Normal 24-week-old rats were used as Control group. To evaluate the corticospinal tracts, neuro-tracing by biotynirated dextran-amine (BDA) was used. BDA was injected into the damaged side of the cerebral primary motor cortex. In order to quantitatively analyze the specimen, we recorded a site where nerve fibers appear in each specimen in the image analysis (1) and defined the increase rate of immunostaining area using ImageJ in the image analysis (2). Based on the evaluation in the image analysis (1) and the image analysis (2), the Hemisection group and the Control group were compared. Results: In the image analysis (1), a region with robust appearance of aberrant nerve fibers was observed in the cephalad side of the Hemisection site in Hemisection group than Control group. In the spinal cord caudal to the hemisection, such region was generally more in Hemisection group, however, disappeared or reduced appearance was observed in some regions. In the image analysis (2), no statistical significant difference was noted in each level. Conclusion: There is a high probability that these aberrant nerve fibers beyond the midline could be involved in forelimb motor function restoration in rats with cervical cord hemisection. Keywords: Neuro-tracing, Cervical spinal cord hemisection, Motor function restoration, Image J, Quantitative evaluation of immunostaining specimens, Nerve regeneration