A Comprehensive Study of the Langevin Boundary Value Problems with Variable Order Fractional Derivatives

Abstract

The authors investigate Langevin boundary value problems containing a variable order Caputo fractional derivative. After presenting the background for the study, the authors provide the definitions, theorems, and lemmas that are required for comprehending the manuscript. The existence of solutions is proved using Schauder’s fixed point theorem; the uniqueness of solutions is obtained by adding an additional hypothesis and applying Banach’s contraction principle. An example is provided to demonstrate the results.

Keywords

• variable order fractional operators
• boundary value problem
• Schauder’s fixed point theorem
• Banach’s contraction principle
• fractional Langevin equation