Mechanism of community quitters’ psychological traits on their smoking cessation effects: Based on a study of community intervention

Abstract

Introduction We study the relationship between psychological traits of smokers and their smoking cessation effects, and provide more scientific evidence for smoking cessation intervention. Methods The study was conducted as a nested case-control study. Smokers who participated in the community smoking cessation intervention projects in Beijing in 2018–2020, were selected as the research participants and divided into two groups: a successful smoking cessation and unsuccessful smoking cessation group, according to their smoking cessation effects at 6 months. Psychological traits of quitters including smoking abstinence self-efficacy, willingness to quit smoking, and trait coping style, were compared between the two groups, and a structural equation model was established for confirmatory factor analysis to analyze their mechanisms. Results There were differences in smoking cessation results between the successful smoking cessation group and the unsuccessful smoking cessation group in terms of smoking abstinence self-efficacy and willingness to quit smoking. Willingness to quit smoking (OR=1.06; 95% CI: 1.008–1.118) is a risk factor, while smoking abstinence self-efficacy in habit/addiction situations (OR=0.77; 95% CI: 0.657– 0.912) is a protective factor. The results of the structural equation model showed that smoking abstinence self-efficacy (β=0.199, p=0.002) and trait coping style (β= -0.166, p=0.042) could influence smoking cessation effects. The structural equation model was well fitted, which showed that smoking abstinence selfefficacy (β=0.199, p=0.002) and trait coping style (β= -0.166, p=0.042) might have influenced the effect of smoking cessation among smokers. Conclusions Willingness to quit smoking has a positive impact on the smoking cessation effect, while smoking abstinence self-efficacy in habit/addiction situations and negative trait coping style have a negative impact. Smoking abstinence self-efficacy and trait coping styles can significantly affect smoking cessation outcomes. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION The study has been registered on the official website of the China Clinical Trials Registry. Its registration name is Search for Optimization of Tobacco Dependence Management Model Based on Hospital and Community, and registration number is ChiCTR1900024991.

Keywords

• smoking cessation
• psychological intervention
• psychological traits
• influence factor
• smoking cessation effects