Nucleotides Variability of Branched Chain Ketoacid Dehydrogenase E1-α Polypeptide (BCKDHA) Gene on Madura Cattle

Abstract

Madura cattle is one of Indonesian native cattle which has physical strength and is highly adaptable under dry climates. Branched Chain α-Keto Dehydrogenase (BCKD) complex bound to mitochondrial inner membrane and catalyzes branched-chain amino acid catabolism into α-keto. Subunit E1-α of BCKD complex is encoded by the Branched Chain Ketoacid Dehydrogenase E1-α Polypeptide (BCKDHA) gene. This research was conducted to analyze the variability of the 3’ end promoter and exon 1 of the BCKDHA gene. Variant analysis was done on 8 samples of Madura cattle, 1 sample of filial Ongole cattle, and 1 sample of Bali cattle. Missense substitution was found in one sample of madura cattle, i.e. G95A that changed polypeptide, i.e. arginine to glutamine (Arg28Glu); other substitution was found in all samples, i.e. T125C and changed polypeptide; i.e. phenylalanine to serine (Phe38Ser). Several silent mutations on promoter and exon 1 were observed in all samples. Apart from the point mutation above, there was a six-base deletion (ATGGCG) in the exon 1 segment that was identified in 4 samples of Madura cattle that shortened two amino acids of the signal peptide of BCKDHA.