Chromosome 1q21 gains confer inferior outcomes in multiple myeloma treated with bortezomib but copy number variation and percentage of plasma cells involved have no additional prognostic value

Abstract

Chromosome 1q21 aberrations have not been yet been made part of routine clinical tests and their effect in multiple myeloma is still under investigation. The prognostic value of copy number variation and percentage of plasma cells involved have remained unclear. In the present study, we analyzed the prognostic value of 1q21 in a series of 290 cases of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma treated in a prospective, non-randomized clinical trial (BDH 2008/02). We found that incidence of 1q21 aberration increased at relapse, but its copy numbers and proportion of cells involved did not change. Gains of 1q21 had no impact on survival in patients receiving thalidomide-based treatment but conferred a significantly inferior prognosis in patients under bortezomib-based chemotherapy and was an independent adverse prognostic factor for progression free survival (HR 3.831; 95%CI: 2.125–6.907; P