Research and Reports in Urology (Jul 2020)
Surgical Management of Urolithiasis of the Upper Tract – Current Trend of Endourology in Africa
Abstract
Ayun Cassell III,1,2 Mohamed Jalloh,1 Medina Ndoye,1 Mouhamadou Mbodji,1 Oumar Gaye,1 Ngor Mack Thiam,1 Abdourahmane Diallo,1 Issa Labou,1 Lamine Niang,1 Serigne Gueye1 1Department of Urology and Andrology, Hospital General De Grand Yoff, Dakar, Senegal; 2Department of Surgery, Liberia College of Physicians and Surgeons, Monrovia, LiberiaCorrespondence: Ayun Cassell IIIDepartment of Urology and Andrology, Hospital General De Grand Yoff, Dakar, SenegalTel +221770135805Email [email protected]: Urolithiasis is a global pathology with increasing prevalence rate. The lifetime recurrence of urolithiasis ranges from 10– 75% creating a public health crisis in affected regions. The epidemiology of urolithiasis in most parts of Africa and Asia remains poorly documented as incidence and prevalence rates in these settings are extrapolated from hospital admissions. The surgical management of kidney and ureteral stones is based on the stone location, size, the patient’s preference and the institutional capacity. To date, the available modalities in the management of urolithiasis includes external shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), ureterorenoscopy (URS) including flexible and semirigid ureteroscopy. However, regarding the lack of endourological equipment and expertise in most parts of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), most urological centers in these regions still consider open surgery for kidney and ureteral stones. This review explores the current trend and surgical management of upper tract urolithiasis in SSA with insight on the available clinical guidelines.Keywords: endourology, kidney stones, ureteral stones, urolithiasis
