Thromboembolic complications in patients with acute surgical pathology with coronavirus infection of COVID-19

Abstract

Background. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a highly contagious infection, the etiological factor of which is the SARS-CoV2 virus. In COVID-19, hemostasis disorders vary widely: from latent hypercoagulation, which occurs only on the basis of laboratory tests, to severe clinical manifestations in the form of cerebral, coronary arterial or venous thrombosis complicated by pulmonary embolism. The purpose was to study of clinical manifestations of hemostasis disorders according to laboratory studies. Materials and methods. The observation data of 96 patients who were treated for surgical pathology and in whom COVID-19 was detec­ted are presented. Patients were hospitalized in the intensive care unit, thrombotic complications were detected in 37 %. Both venous (64 %) and arterial (36 %) thrombosis occurred. Results. According to a survey of patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19, pulmonary embolism was detected in 11.4 %, deep vein thrombosis and catheter-associated thrombosis in 1.2 %, ischemic stroke in 1.3 % of patients. The cumulative frequency of thrombosis was 28 %. Attention should be paid to the complexity of the diagnosis of thrombotic complications in patients who underwent artificial lung ventilation. possible thrombotic complications, regardless of clinical manifestations. Conclusions. Preference should be given to low molecular weight heparins in a standard prophylactic dose, an alternative to which are direct oral anticoagulants used in surgical protocols to prevent postoperative thrombosis. The duration of post-hospital thromboprophylaxis is determined individually ta­king into account the risk factors of thrombosis until the norma­lization of D-dimer and fibrinogen, but not less than 2 weeks after discharge.

Keywords

• surgical pathology
• covid-19
• thromboembolic complications