Cytogenetic study of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Type 2 of diabetic mellitus (DM) is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia with abnormalities of fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. To understand cytogenetic changes associated with type 2 diabetic mellitus, cytogenetic analysis was done on peripheral blood lymphocytes collected from twenty five type 2 DM patients using short term lymphocyte culture, and 15 apparently healthy people with as control group. The present study includes evaluation the cell cycle changes by determining blast and mitotic indices (BI and MI), as well as study the cellular kinetics by scoring replicative index (RI). The present data revealed significant depressions in BI [41.69±2.28] in patient's group compare with healthy group [54.46±4.56] and in MI [0.52±0.04] compare with healthy group [1.2±0.11] (P<0.01)]. The rate of cell cycle progression was also a reduction in diabetic patients [1.44± 0.10] in comparison with control [1.88± 0.01](P<0.05). We conclude that cytogenetic indices (BI, MI, and RI) are sensitive tools to achieve the cytogenetic abnormalities in type-2 diabetic mellitus