A Study to Identify Socio-Demographic and Lifestyle Risk Factors Associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension

Abstract

Introduction: Hypertension and diabetes mellitus are chronic non- communicable diseases of increasing importance. Estimating risk factors of hypertension and diabetes is very crucial as this forms the basis for planning of prevention of these disorders. Objective: conducted to identify socio-demographic and lifestyle risk factors associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension. Material and method: An OPD based case-control study was conducted in RNT Medical College & attached hospitals, Udaipur from July 2014 to December 2014. Cases and controls were selected, examined and interviewed using semi- structured, pre-tested questionnaire containing questions regarding the socio demographic data and lifestyle risk factors. Results: Maximum hypertensive cases (43.3%) were in age group 50-59 years. The prevalence of hypertension and diabetes were observed more in SES class I, individuals with positive family history and sedentary life style. Observed proportion of smokers was 34.3% in HTN cases and 38.8% in type 2 diabetes cases. Observed proportion of HTN cases was 62.5% among high salt users. Conclusion: Continuous efforts need to be made for identifying and developing simple tools to forecast the risk of developing HTN and DM II among different age group, gender and ethnic groups.

Keywords

• Hypertension
• risk factors
• case - control study
• Diabetes Mellitus
• family history