Computation (May 2023)
A Flexible and General-Purpose Platform for Heterogeneous Computing
Abstract
In the big data era, processing large amounts of data imposes several challenges, mainly in terms of performance. Complex operations in data science, such as deep learning, large-scale simulations, and visualization applications, can consume a significant amount of computing time. Heterogeneous computing is an attractive alternative for algorithm acceleration, using not one but several different kinds of computing devices (CPUs, GPUs, or FPGAs) simultaneously. Accelerating an algorithm for a specific device under a specific framework, i.e., CUDA/GPU, provides a solution with the highest possible performance at the cost of a loss in generality and requires an experienced programmer. On the contrary, heterogeneous computing allows one to hide the details pertaining to the simultaneous use of different technologies in order to accelerate computation. However, effective heterogeneous computing implementation still requires mastering the underlying design flow. Aiming to fill this gap, in this paper we present a heterogeneous computing platform (HCP). Regarding its main features, this platform allows non-experts in heterogeneous computing to deploy, run, and evaluate high-computational-demand algorithms following a semi-automatic design flow. Given the implementation of an algorithm in C with minimal format requirements, the platform automatically generates the parallel code using a code analyzer, which is adapted to target a set of available computing devices. Thus, while an experienced heterogeneous computing programmer is not required, the process can run over the available computing devices on the platform as it is not an ad hoc solution for a specific computing device. The proposed HCP relies on the OpenCL specification for interoperability and generality. The platform was validated and evaluated in terms of generality and efficiency through a set of experiments using the algorithms of the Polybench/C suite (version 3.2) as the input. Different configurations for the platform were used, considering CPUs only, GPUs only, and a combination of both. The results revealed that the proposed HCP was able to achieve accelerations of up to 270× for specific classes of algorithms, i.e., parallel-friendly algorithms, while its use required almost no expertise in either OpenCL or heterogeneous computing from the programmer/end-user.
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