INDUSTRY OF KUBAN: EXPERIENCE IN MANAGEMENT AND CONSTRUCTION IN THE EARLY 20-ies OF THE 20-th CENTURY

Abstract

The article describes the conditions and nature of the transfer of the Kuban industry from the policy of “war communism” to the new economic policy. The economy was based on medium-sized and small-scale industries. Large enterprises were either closed or were on the verge of closure due to the Civil war, the General decline of the economy and the rupture of economic ties. Under these conditions, the creation of a system of trusts and the transfer of small and large parts of mediumsized enterprises to private hands, as required by the party and government, the transition to the NEP were not implemented. The created trusts included medium and small enterprises that provided economic stability to associations. Established during the Civil war, the administrative and managerial apparatus has been eliminated. Certain restrictions were imposed on the phraseology, slogans, that is, in fact, external manifestations of direct and strict leadership,” command “ of the industry. The administrative apparatus has not lost the levers of direct administrative management in the economy. Maintaining direct management over the trusts described actively fighting the existing administrative-command system for their survival. Once established, the system gradually regains its right to manage the entire economy. Following some democratization of government and the weakening of the dictatorship of the state over the economy, the methods of military communism once again became leading. But this will happen after the industry and the economy as a whole will be restored, thanks to the use of market methods of management.

Keywords

• new economic policy
• peasant economy
• local industry
• administrative and command management of industry
• trusts
• socio-economic and political situation
• market relations
• economic calculation
• rent
• industry testing.