Preparation of High Thermo-Stability and Compactness Microencapsulated Phase Change Materials with Polyurea/Polyurethane/Polyamine Three-Composition Shells through Interfacial Polymerization

Abstract

In the preparation of microencapsulated phase change materials (MicroPCMs) with a three-composition shell through interfacial polymerization, the particle size, phase change behaviors, core contents, encapsulation efficiency morphology, thermal stability and chemical structure were investigated. The compactness of the MicroPCMs was analyzed through high-temperature drying and weighing. The effect of the core/shell ratio and stirring rate of the system was studied. The results indicated that the microcapsules thus-obtained possessed a spherical shape and high thermal stability and the surfaces were intact and compact. Furthermore, in the emulsification stage, the stirring speed had a significant influence on the microcapsules’ particle size, and smaller particles could be obtained under the higher stirring speed, and the distributions were more uniform in these cases. When the core/shell ratio was lower than 4, both the core content and the encapsulation efficiency was high. Additionally, when the core/shell ratio was higher than 4, the encapsulation efficiency was decreased significantly. The three-composition shell greatly increased the compactness of microcapsules, and when the core/shell ratio was adjusted to 3, the mass loss of the MicroPCMs was lower than 6% after drying at 120 °C for 1 h. After the microencapsulation, double exothermic peaks appeared on the crystallization curve of the MicroPCMs, the crystallization mechanism was changed from the heterogeneous nucleation to the homogeneous nucleation and the super cooling degree was enhanced.

Keywords

• microcapsules
• phase change materials
• composite shell
• interfacial polymerization
• polyurea/polyurethane/polyamine