Binder-Free MnO₂/MWCNT/Al Electrodes for Supercapacitors

Abstract

Recently, significant progress has been made in the performance of supercapacitors through the development of composite electrodes that combine various charge storage mechanisms. A new method for preparing composite binder-free MnO2/MWCNT/Al electrodes for supercapacitors is proposed. The method is based on the original technique of direct growth of layers of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on aluminum foil by the catalytic pyrolysis of ethanol vapor. Binder-free MnO2/MWCNT/Al electrodes for electrochemical supercapacitors were obtained by simply treating MWCNT/Al samples with an aqueous solution of KMnO4 under mild conditions. The optimal conditions for the preparation of MnO2/MWCNT/Al electrodes were found. The treatment of MWCNT/Al samples in a 1% KMnO4 aqueous solution for 40 min increased the specific capacitance of the active material of the samples by a factor of 3, up to 100–120 F/g. At the same time, excellent adhesion and electrical contact of the working material to the aluminum substrate were maintained. The properties of the MnO2/MWCNT/Al samples were studied by electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), Raman spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry (CV), and impedance spectroscopy. Excellent charge/discharge characteristics of composite electrodes were demonstrated. The obtained MnO2/MWCNT/Al electrodes maintained excellent stability to multiple charge-discharge cycles. After 60,000 CVs, the capacitance loss was less than 20%. Thus, this work opens up new possibilities for using the MWCNT/Al material obtained by direct deposition of carbon nanotubes on aluminum foil for the fabrication of composite binder-free electrodes of supercapacitors.

Keywords

• supercapacitors
• carbon nanotubes on aluminum foil
• binder-free electrodes
• MnO₂/CNT composite
• pseudocapacitance