Clinical Ophthalmology (Nov 2023)
Cataract Surgery Visual Outcome and Associated Factors Among Adults Attended Jimma University Medical Center, Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia
Abstract
Jemmal Mohammed,1 Sahilu Assegid,2 Lata Fekadu,2 Teshome Kabeta2 1Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Science, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia; 2Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Lata Fekadu, Jimma University, Institute of Health, Faculty of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, PO Box 378, Jimma, Ethiopia, Tel +251911924107, Email [email protected]: Cataract is the leading cause of blindness and the second leading cause of visual impairment worldwide, accounting for 51% and 33% of all cases, respectively, in low- and medium-income countries bearing a disproportionately high burden. Hence, this study aimed to assess the visual outcome of age-related cataract surgery and identify factors associated with patients’ postoperative visual outcomes in Jimma University Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia.Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among 386 cataract surgery patients from January 1, 2016, to December 30, 2017. The study participants were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected by reviewing the selected patients’ medical records using a pre-tested checklist, entered into EpiData version 3.1, and exported to SPSS 20 for analysis. Proportions, summary statistics, and tables were used for presentations of the findings. Binary logistic regression was carried out to identify independent predictors of visual outcome. Findings were presented with adjusted odds ratios and their 95% confidence interval. A p-value 70 (AOR = 3.64; 95% CI [1.35– 9.82]), preoperative ocular co-morbidities (AOR = 2.34; [1.32– 4.15]), incision-based cataract surgery (AOR = 7.11; [3.16– 16.02]), compared phacoemulsification operated by resident surgeons (AOR = 2.19; [1.23– 3.89]), presence of intraoperative complication (AOR = 3.41; [1.47– 7.92]), lens remnant (AOR = 2.91; [1.11– 4.92]), ocular inflammation (OR = 2.56; [1.34– 4.92]), and striate keratopathy/corneal edema (AOR = 1.91; [1.07– 3.44]) were significantly associated with poor visual outcome.Conclusion: The visual outcome following cataract surgery fall below WHO recommendation. In this study, age, ocular co-morbidities, surgical method, surgeon status, intraoperative complication, SK, and ocular inflammation associated with post-operative Uveitis and anterior chamber reaction were associated with a poor visual outcome.Keywords: cataract surgery, visual outcome, Jimma University Medical Center
