RUSSIAN EXPERIENCE WITH USING MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES TO B-LYMPHOCYTES (RITUXIMAB) IN SYSTEMIC VASCULITIDES ASSOCIATED WITH NEUTROPHIL CYTOPLASMIC ANTIBODIES (PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF THE RUSSIAN REGISTER NORMA)

Abstract

In 2013, Russia registered officially the indications for the use of monoclonal antibodies to B-lymphocytes (rituximab, RTM) in systemic vasculitides associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA-SV). This communication presents the preliminary results of the Russian register of the RTM application in autoimmune diseases (NORMA) that has included 50 patients with ANCA-SV treated in 14 cities of the Russian Federation. Twenty-five of 50 (50%) patients received repeated courses of RTM. RTM has demonstrated a high efficacy and a good profile of treatment safety in patients with ANCA-SV in real-life national clinical practice. Among 25 patients who had been followed up for over 12 months, the remission was achieved in 92% of cases, a decrease in the ANCA-SV activity was observed in 8%. The efficacy of RTM increased when performing repeated courses, while it has been noted that the positive results can be obtained by prescribing a repeated course of RTM at a reduced dose (500–1000 mg). Prescription of the repeated courses was primarily required in patients with granulomatosis and polyangiitis affecting the lungs. Care should be taken when combining RTM treatment with cytostatics (primarily with cyclophosphamide) because of the risk of secondary immunodeficiency and infectious adverse events (AE), which have been the most frequent serious AE (12%) in patients with ANCA-SV.

Keywords

• systemic vasculitis associated with neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies
• wegener's granulomatosis with polyangiitis
• microscopic polyangiitis
• eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (churg-strauss syndrom)
• biological anti-b cell therapy
• rituximab