Histopathological study of endometrium in abnormal uterine bleeding in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women

Abstract

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is defined as any change in the frequency of menstruation, duration of flow, or amount of blood loss. Histopathological study of endometrium gives valuable information to arrive at correct diagnosis. Objective: The study was aimed to detect the frequency of various pathological conditions which can cause AUB in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women and to know the distribution of functional changes as well as malignancy causing AUB. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study on 200 patients of perimenopausal and postmenopausal women who presented with AUB from May 2016 to May 2018 (2 years), selected on the basis of simple random sampling. Histopathological study was done on the specimens for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Histomorphological details were recorded as per standard pro forma along with clinical and other details and entered on a master chart. A statistical analysis was done to record the frequency of distribution and mean of various parameters. Results: Out of 200 cases, the most common histopathological finding was proliferative phase in 65 cases (42.4%), followed by disordered proliferation in 46 cases (30%). Primary endometrioid adenocarcinoma comprised only 6 cases (3%). Conclusion: The most common endometrial pathology found in our study was functional endometrial changes, and the occurrence of malignancy increased with the increasing age of patients.

Keywords

• abnormal uterine bleeding
• disordered proliferation
• histopathology
• perimenopausal
• postmenopausal