Nail changes in patients receiving systemic isotretinoin therapy

Abstract

Abstract In this study, it was aimed to describe isotretinoin-induced nail changes and increase patients’ treatment compliance. A total of 200 patients diagnosed with acne vulgaris were included in the study. 100 of the patients were started systemic isotretinoin treatment and 100 control patients were receiving topical acne treatment. Age and gender of all of the participants, duration of treatment, total doses per month, and type of nail changes were recorded. Patients with persistent nail changes were followed at the 3rd and 6th months after treatment. A total of 34 patients had nail changes in the isotretinoin group. These changes included onychoschizia (55.9%), leukonychia (11.8%), onychorexis (8.8%), median nail dystrophy (5.9%), pyogenic granulomas (5.9%), chronic paronychia and granulation tissue (5.9%), onycholysis (2.9%) and Beau’s line (2.9%). The rate of nail changes in the isotretinoin group was significantly higher than in the topical treatment group (34% vs. 11%, p:0.001). Isotretinoin increases the risk of nail changes, primarily onychoschizia. The risk of developing nail changes is not associated with treatment duration but is associated with the total cumulative dose. Nail findings induced by isotretinoin are completely reversible.

Keywords

• Isotretinoin
• Nail disorders
• Onychoschizia
• Cumulative dose