The Use of Multispectral Imaging in DIEP Free Flap Perforator Selection: A Case Study

Abstract

Summary. Perforator selection is of paramount importance when performing a Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator flap. Technological advancements within imaging modalities have proved invaluable in preoperative planning and intraoperative assessment. Computed tomographic angiography remains the gold standard for preoperative perforator mapping, while color ultrasound Doppler is considered more reliable for determining vessel caliber. Intraoperatively, an imaging modality that provides sequential, real-time assessment of various perforators’ supply to the flap would provide helpful insight to determine which perforator will optimize flap viability, especially of the most distal, lateral margins. Multispectral imaging, a variant of near infrared imaging, has emerged as an alternative method to assess tissue viability in the operating room as well as postoperatively. Unlike Spy technology, which is invasive and cost ineffective, the SnapshotNIR (KD203) is a handheld multispectral imaging device utilizing NIR to measure the oxygenation of the hemoglobin in the area to calculate the tissue oxygen content (StO2) displayed in a color image. The following case of a 46-year-old woman undergoing tertiary breast reconstruction for treatment of progressive grade 2 capsular contracture illustrates the utility and ease of KD203 application to intra-operative perforator determination in deep inferior epigastric perforator flap assessment.