TECHNOGENIC POLLUTION OF ATMOSPHERE AS A RESULT OF FUNCTIONING AND CLOSING OF COAL MINES AND MEASURES TO PREVENT IT (MINIMIZATION)

Abstract

Coal mining leads to changes in the surrounding landscape due to the accumulation of rock masses. Mine rocks in the heaps are prone to spontaneous combustion, which leads to chemical pollution of the atmosphere by combustion products. The features of environmental dis-turbances, their causes (in particular, emissions of poisonous substances by industrial enterprises of the region, emissions of greenhouse gases and solid particles (soot) from chimneys, evaporation of volatile toxic substances from settling tanks, dust pollution - blasting of poi-sonous substances from the ash, slag and slurry ditches, waste hens, atmospheric pollution air emissions from stationary and mobile sources - ash from thermal power plants, formaldehyde, nitrogen dioxide, etc., cross-border transfer of pollutants into the air in border areas, etc.) and the consequences of air pollution are considered. The main problems of atmospheric air protection are identified, which include the identification of actual emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere through technological cycles, facilities of the mine complex and coal enterprises in general, their quantitative and qualitative assessment. The data on atmospheric air pollution by coal enterprises of Ukraine for 2018 are analyzed and graphically illustrated. As environmental measures for atmospheric air, it is proposed and foreseen: work to extinguish waste dumps; the use of environmentally friendly and safe technologies for the formation of new waste dumps; perform preventive work to prevent spontaneous ignition dumps; equipping organized emission sources with new gas treatment plants, aspiration systems, dust collectors, electrostatic precipitators; reconstruction of boilers etc.

Keywords

• coal mine
• environment
• technogenic pollution
• atmospheric air
• ecological and technical indicators
• environmental measures