Kidney Research and Clinical Practice (May 2024)

Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody response to the third dose of BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine and associated factors in Japanese hemodialysis patients

  • Keiji Hirai,
  • Masako Shimotashiro,
  • Toshiaki Okumura,
  • Susumu Ookawara,
  • Yoshiyuki Morishita

DOI
https://doi.org/10.23876/j.krcp.23.121
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 43, no. 3
pp. 326 – 336

Abstract

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Background We assessed the anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody response to the third dose of BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in Japanese hemodialysis patients and determined factors associated with the anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody titer after the third dose of COVID-19 vaccine. Methods Overall, 64 patients were enrolled in this single-center, prospective, longitudinal study. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody titers were compared between hemodialysis patients and 18 healthcare workers. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with the anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody titer after the third vaccination. Results There was no significant difference in anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody titer 4 weeks after the third vaccination between hemodialysis patients and healthcare workers (18,500 [interquartile range, 11,000–34,500] vs. 11,500 [interquartile range, 7,918–19,500], all values in AU/mL; p = 0.17). Uric acid (standard coefficient [β] = −0.203, p = 0.02), transferrin saturation (β = −0.269, p = 0.003), and log–anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody titer 1 week before the third vaccination (β = 0.440, p < 0.001) correlated with the log–anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody titer 4 weeks after the third vaccination. In contrast, only the log–anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody titer 1 week before the third vaccination (β = 0.410, p < 0.001) correlated with the log–anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody titer 12 weeks after the third vaccination. Conclusion The anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody titer after the third dose of COVID-19 vaccine was comparable between hemodialysis patients and healthcare workers. Uric acid concentration, transferrin saturation, and anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody titer before the third dose were associated with the anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody titer after the third dose in Japanese hemodialysis patients.

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